Network upgrades

Ethereum Bellatrix

6 September 2022, 11:34 UTC 1479 days ago

Where this time comes from

Activation epoch 144,896
Slots per epoch 32 protocol constant
Seconds per slot 12 protocol constant
Beacon genesis 1606824023 1 December 2020, 12:00:23 UTC

1606824023 + 144,896 × 32 × 12 = 1662464087 — which is 6 September 2022, 11:34 UTC.

No node answered this, and no data vendor sold it. The same arithmetic reproduces every Ethereum upgrade since Altair to the second, which bin/check-calendar.php asserts on every run. Put that beside a proof-of-work halving, where the same question has a five-week answer: one of these chains knows the second, and the other cannot know the month.

The consensus-layer half of the Merge. Proof of work stopped shortly afterwards, at a terminal difficulty rather than an epoch.

The activation time is derived, not reported: epoch 144,896 x 32 slots x 12 seconds after the beacon chain genesis at 1606824023. No node and no data vendor is involved, and the same arithmetic reproduces every other upgrade on this list to the second.

Where this came from

Checked against those sources by a person on 23 September 2026. A curated calendar’s only claim to trust is that somebody looked.

More on Ethereum, including what we measure it costs to sell.