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IPFS
IPFS (InterPlanetary File System) is a set of open protocols for finding and sharing files across a peer-to-peer network by what they contain rather than where they are stored. Each file gets a content identifier (CID) derived from its hash, so the same link always means the same bytes.
What it means for you. An ipfs:// link in an NFT or token proves which file is meant, not that anyone still keeps it. IPFS is not a storage provider: a file stays reachable only while at least one node holds it, and unpinned copies can be deleted. Check whether a token's files are pinned by a paid service, by the project, or by you.
Sources: IPFS docs: What is IPFS, IPFS docs: Content addressing and CIDs, IPFS docs: Persistence, permanence and pinning · checked 4 October 2026
Decentralized storage
Decentralized storage keeps files on a network of independent computers instead of one company's servers. Blockchains store little data because it is expensive, so images, documents and app files usually live on such networks, with only a hash or link recorded on chain.
What it means for you. An NFT or token can point to files stored off chain; what you own is an on-chain record with a link, and if nobody keeps storing the file, the link can break. Check where a token's image or metadata actually lives, and whether that storage is paid for, permanent, or just pinned by someone who may stop.
Source: ethereum.org: Decentralized storage · checked 4 October 2026